Thracian rock niches and ancient sanctuaries, medieval castles, monasteries, picturesque villages, spectacular rock formations, deep river gorges and remarkable caves are just some of the many historical and natural treasures scattered throughout the oldest mountain range on the Balkans, Bulgaria's Rhodope Mountains. The Rhodopes, which boast the richest and most varied fauna of all Bulgaria's mountains, are one of the most important regions in Europe in terms of their biodiversity. Famous as the land of the mythological singer Orpheus, these mountains are still a mysterious and inspirational place with unspoiled, awe-inspiring nature.
Among the most popular attractions in the area are:
The Stone Mushrooms
Where once was a sea now lay a garden of astonishing rock formations resembling enormous mushrooms. With long pinkish stumps and dark green tufts, some of these structures reach almost 3 meters in height. Formed over a period of millions of years by underwater volcanic activity and later subject of the forces of sun, wind and rain, these stone mushrooms have long inspired the locals, and have become the subject of a number of legends. They continue to attract and inspire travelers, photographers and scientists.
The Stone Wedding
Located 5 kilometers from the town of Kurdjali, the Stone Wedding is a colorful and unique rock phenomenon formed millions of years ago by volcanic activity. According to a local legend, an entire wedding procession was turned into stone. The formations resemble a bride and groom surrounded by their “guests.”
Perperikon and Tatul: The Thracian Legacy
The largest megalith ensemble in the Balkans, the ancient city of Perperikon dates back to 12th to 13th century BC. The first human activity in the area is thought to be as early as 5000BC. Although archeological excavations are still underway, with scientists continually unearthing more structures and artifacts, the city is open to visitors. The spectacular find, referred to as the "European Machu Picchu," served a number of purposes over the centuries, and represents a layer upon layer of different periods in time. It features ancient altars, Thracian temples, a Roman acropolis, and Byzantine churches. It is here that Alexander the Great received the prophecy that he would take over the entire ancient world.
Not far from Perperikon is the Tatul sanctuary, which is thought to be the shrine of the famous Thracian singer Orpheus. Archeologists are still studying the site, and are yet to prove or disprove this theory. The temple lies inside the walls of a Thracian fortress dating back to the 12th century BC.
Devin
This small Rhodope town prides itself on the largest concentration of hot mineral water springs, in a single town, on the Balkan Peninsula. Known for their healing nature, the springs have attracted locals and tourists alike for decades. Especially popular are a balneotherapy sanatorium and open-air mineral beach. Perfect climate (mild winters, cool summers), no pollution, excellent spa resorts, hospitable people, delicious organic food, picturesque forests and winding rivers make Devin the ideal spot to escape from the everyday hustle and bustle of the big city and indulge in a rejuvenating retreat.
Devil’s Throat
Legend has it that it was in this 300,000-year-old cave that Orpheus descended to the underground world to save his beloved Eurydice. Among the 18 cascading waterfalls the cave is famous for is one of the highest underground waterfalls in the world. Visitors enter the cave through an artificial tunnel (120 meters long) and ultimately reach what is known as the Roaring (Thunder) Hall. A steep cemented staircase leads from here to the natural entrance of the cave some 300 meters above. During spring, while climbing, visitors can see the 42-meter-high underground waterfall cascading into the abyss below. There is something incredible about walking through the dark and roaring underground world and catching a glimpse of the light streaming through the narrow opening of the natural entrance of the cave. The entrance, now used as an exit, resembles a devil’s head. It is through that narrow opening that the Trigradska River flows into the cave. According to a legend, whatever goes in with the water through the “Devil’s Throat” never comes out the other side.
While in the area, visitors can enjoy an exciting boat ride into the cave or take a tour to the nearby Haramiiska Cave. The tour is said to be a once-in-a-lifetime experience for extreme-sports enthusiasts. It includes a climb of 20-meter-high vertical cliffs to the entrance and a 43-meter descent into the big hall of the cave (160 meters long, 60 meters high). On the way to these caves, make sure you slow down to appreciate the grandeur of the incredible Trigrad gorge.
Yagodina Cave
Located in the canyon valley of the Buynovska river, Yagodina cave is the longest on the Balkans. Visitors walk through a lighted narrow passage and can see up close the great variety of cave formations among which are draperies, stalactites, stalactones, cave pearls, and leopard skin. Somewhere midway is the New Yers hall, where locals celebrate the New Year. The five levels of the cave create a labyrinth of rocks and abysses below the manmade stairs and bridges visitors pass through.
Asenova Fortress
One of the best known Bulgarian fortifications, this medieval fortress is located near the town of Asenovgrad. It was used for protection of the road between Plovdiv and the Aegean Sea, as well as visitors to the neighboring Bachkovo monastery. The security it provided led to the foundation of the settlements of Bachkovo and Petrich.
Bachkovo Monastery
Founded in the 11th century, the Bachkovo Monastery is the second largest in Bulgaria. Its popularity is due not only to its size but also to its historical and architectural significance. One of the oldest monasteries on the Balkan Peninsula, it is known for the unique combination of Byzantine, old Georgian and Bulgarian cultures. Although it has been reconstructed several times over the centuries, the original ossuary still remains, and is said to be one of the most unique examples of Eastern orthodox art in the world. Remarkable frescos, bubbling fountains in the courtyard, stunning architecture and unforgettable views of the surrounding mountain hills make this UNESCO Heritage World site worth a visit.
Canyon of Waterfalls: Eco Path
The relatively new Canyon of Waterfalls is one of the most picturesque eco trails in Bulgaria. It is located near the town of Smolian, in the area of the natural reserve Soskovcheto, at an altitude of 1,200 meters. Popular for its unique biodiversity and unspoiled nature, the eco-trail stretches for six kilometers. Previously inaccessible for tourists, this area features a variety of natural phenomena like centuries-old trees, interesting rock formations and, of course, waterfalls.
Ivanka Dimitrova - When I don't read, I write. When I don't write, I think about writing. If I am not doing any of the three....I must be uncontious......
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